RESUMO
Aim. To assess the prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) using the liver obesity index - FLI (Fatty Liver Index), and to study its associations with socio-demographic indicators and behavioral risk factors for NAFLD. Material and methods. The data from the multicenter ESSE-RF study (Epidemiology of cardiovascular diseases in the regions of the Russian Federation) - samples from the unorganized male and female population aged 25-64 years were used. 5,161 respondents were included, of which 2,275 (44,1%) were men. To assess the prevalence of NAFLD, the liver obesity index FLI was used, calculated according to the formula by Bedogni G, et al. (2006). A high FLI index =60 was considered a predictor of liver steatosis. Results. High FLI =60 was detected in 38,5% of men and 26,6% of women. Multivariate analysis of associations of high FLI index in men and women showed a strong relationship with age: men - odds ratio (OR) 5,01, 95% confidence interval (CI): 3,82-6,59 (p<0,0001) and women - OR 8,58, 95% CI: 6,39-11,64 (p<0,0001), living in rural areas: men - OR 1,32, 95% CI: 1,06-1,63 (p=0,011) and women - OR 1,4, 95% CI: 1,15-1,71 (p=0,001). The FLI index >=60 was significantly associated with low physical activity (p=0,001) in men and current smoking in women (p=0,013). Conclusion. A high FLI index >=60 is most common among men, significantly associated with age, living in rural areas, currently smoking women, and low physical activity men. Higher education, in relation to FLI >=60, had a protective effect on women. Copyright © 2022 Vserossiiskoe Obshchestvo Kardiologov. All rights reserved.
RESUMO
Aim. To study the efficacy and tolerability of Sputnik V vaccination in patients with noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) compared with healthy individuals. Material and methods. The retrospective analysis included data from 800 men and women aged 18 to 90 who were vaccinated from February to May 2021 at the National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine. Sputnik V (Gam-COVID-Vac, Russia), consisting of two doses, was used as a vaccine. The mean age of the patients was 50,46±13,16 years. Patients were questioned in two stages: Before vaccination and after the first dose of vaccination. The following clinical and paraclinical investigations were carried out: Saturation assessment, measurement of temperature, blood pressure and heart rate at rest, pharynx examination, auscultation of the heart and respiratory organs. The blood concentration of antibodies (IgM and IgG) was determined after 21 days and 42 days. For analysis, patients were divided into three groups. The first group included healthy individuals (n=238, 29,8%), the second group — patients with one NCD (n=385, 48,1%), and the third group — patients with two or more NCDs (n=177, 22,1%). Results. The sex composition was comparable in all three groups, while the mean age differed. In the first group, the mean age was 43,93±10,80 years, while in the second and third groups — 50,51±12,55 and 59,12±12,37 years, respectively (p<0,001). Statistical analysis was performed with adjustment for age and sex. The median blood concentration of immunoglobulin G of vaccinated individuals of the cohort after 21 days was within 4,60 [2,00;8,40]. A comparative analysis of the groups did not reveal significant differences. After 42 days, the median concentration of immunoglobulin G increased by 4 times, which is significant (p<0,001) and amounted to 16,20 [15,80;16,40]. In the group of healthy individuals, the concentration of immunoglobulin G was significantly higher compared to groups of individuals with one, as well as two or more NCDs. Forty-two days after vaccination, the concentration of immunoglobulin M both in the cohort and in individual groups did not change significantly compared to the level after 21 days. In addition, 47%, 38% and 40% of participants from the first, second and third groups, respectively, reported some symptoms. A temperature increase on average was detected in 13% of vaccinated individuals. The largest number of persons with fever was registered in the group of healthy individuals — 19%, in the group of patients with one NCD — 14%, and in the group with two or more diseases, the temperature increase was the lowest and amounted to 3% (p<0,001). After the first dose, 18,6% of patients reported taking additional drugs as follows: First group — 23,9%, second group — 15,1%, third group — 19,2%. These are mainly analgesic, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory and antihistamine drugs. Conclusion. Vaccination with Sputnik V increases the immunoglobulin G level in the blood after 42 days by four times compared to after 21 days. This pattern is observed both in the group of healthy individuals and in patients with one, two or more chronic NCDs. Tolerability of vaccination in all groups was comparable and did not lead to visits to healthcare facilities.